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1 French nationals
Общая лексика: французские граждане -
2 Norman French
1. лингв. нормандский диалект французского языка2. вв. «нормандский французский»; французский язык, служивший официальным языком Англии — -
3 national
1. [ʹnæʃ(ə)nəl] n1. гражданин, подданный (какого-л. государства)fellow nationals, one's own nationals - сограждане, соотечественники
2. амер. национал ( в отличие от полноправного гражданина)natives of territories are nationals but not citizens of the USA - уроженцы территорий являются националами, но не гражданами США
3. амер. спорт. турнир, состязание в масштабе всей страны2. [ʹnæʃ(ə)nəl] a1. 1) национальный, государственный; народный, всенародныйnational spirit /genius/ - дух народа
national income - эк. национальный доход
national debt - эк. государственный долг
national forest - государственный лес; лесной заповедник
national roads - государственные дороги, автострады
national bank - а) государственный банк; б) амер. национальный банк ( частный коммерческий банк)
national price level - эк. уровень внутренних цен
national law - юр. внутригосударственное /национальное/ право
national treatment - юр. национальный режим
national government - а) центральное /национальное/ правительство (в отличие от властей штата, провинции); б) коалиционное правительство
national committee - амер. национальный комитет ( центральный комитет партии)
national chairman - амер. председатель национального комитета ( партии)
national convention - амер. национальный (партийный) съезд
national salute - воен. мор. салют государственному флагу; салют наций
national figure - человек, которого знает вся страна; видный деятель
national command - а) национальные войска, войска государства; б) войска государства, входящего в военный союз; в) национальное командование
national markings - государственные опознавательные /отличительные/ знаки (самолёта и т. п.)
national defence - оборона страны, национальная оборона
national defence information - сведения, составляющие государственную военную тайну
national security - а) национальная /государственная/ безопасность; б) оборона государства, национальная оборона
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - Национальная ассоциация содействия прогрессу цветного населения ( в США)
2) амер. федеральный, относящийся к ведению центрального правительства ( а не к ведению властей отдельного штата)2. национальный, относящийся к нации, национальности; относящийся к какому-л. народуnational self-determination - национальное самоопределение, самоопределение народов
3. редк. националистический4. (National) амер. ист. союзный, северный (во время гражданской войны 1861-65 гг.)National and Confederate writers - писатели Союза /Севера/ и Конфедерации /Юга/
♢
National game - амер. бейсбол -
4 national
1. прил.1) общ. национальный, общенациональный, народный (относящийся к данной стране, народу в целом; в отличие от местного, регионального, международного)national law — национальное [внутригосударственное\] право
Syn:See:international, transnational, supranational, domestic, national accordance, national account, national accounts, national affairs, national administration 2), national advertising, national agreement, national assent, National Automated Accounting Research System, national bank 2), national bolshevism, national brand, national campaign, national central bank, National Change of Address, national character, national communism, national communist, National Competition Policy, national competitive bidding, national consent, national consumption, National Counterintelligence Executive, national currency, National Development Bond, National Disability Development Initiative, national distribution, national distributor, national economic accounting, national economics, National Exchange Market System, national firm, National Flood Insurance Program, national government, national harmony, national idea, national identity, national income, National Institutional Delivery System, National Insurance, national interest, national launch, national legitimacy, national market, national marketer, national marketing, national minimum wage, national nominating convention, national non-domestic rate, national numbering agency, national origins system, national origins quota system, national ownership 2), national patent, national patent law, national policy, national policy, national politics, national product, national promotion, National Public Accountant, national question, national reconciliation, national retailer, national sales force, national sales manager, national savings, National Secretary's Day, national security, national self-consciousness, national self-determination, national service, National Socialism, national sovereignty, national tax policy, national taxes, national trademark, national treatment, National Vocation Qualification, national wealth, national wholesaler, National Westminster Bank Ltd. v. Holesowen Presswork and Assemblies Ltd., National Association of Securities Dealers Rules of Fair Practice, National Bank Act, National Banking Act, National Exchange Market System Act, National Flood Insurance Act, National Health Service Reorganization Act 1973, National Housing Act, National Income and Product Accounts, National Labor Relations Act, National Minimum Wage Act 1998, National Trade Estimate Report, National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers, National Advertising Benevolent Society, National Advertising Division, National Advertising Division of the Council of Better Business Bureaus, National Advertising Review Board, National Advertising Review Council, National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Agricultural Statistics Service, National Alliance for Insurance Education & Research, National Alliance for Insurance Education and Research, National Alliance Research Academy, National and Local Government Officers' Association, National Assembly, National Association for Variable Annuities, National Association of Accountants, National Association of Colleges and Employers, National Association of Corporation Schools, National Association of Corporation Training, National Association of Cost Accountants, National Association of Employment Managers, National Association of Export Companies, National Association of Federal Credit Unions, National Association of Health Underwriters, National Association of Independent Insurance Adjusters, National Association of Independent Insurers, National Association of Insurance and Financial Advisors, National Association of Insurance Brokers, National Association of Insurance Commissioners, National Association of Insurance Women, National Association of Investment Clubs, National Association of Investment Companies, National Association of Investors Corporation, National Association of Life Underwriters, National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies, National Association of Pension Funds, National Association of Personal Financial Advisors, National Association of Professional Insurance Agents, National Association of Professional Surplus Lines Offices, National Association of Public Insurance Adjusters, National Association of Purchasing Managers, National Association of Recording Merchandisers, National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, National Association of Schoolmasters and Union of Women Teachers, National Association of Securities Dealers, National Association of Securities Dealers and Investment Managers, National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers, National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers2) общ. государственный (финансируемый и/или контролируемый государством; в отличие от частного)national library — государственная [национальная\] библиотека
See:national administration 1), national bank 1), national curriculum, national debt, national ownership 1), national property, national treasury, National Archives and Records Administration, National Cemetery Administration2. сущ.общ. подданный, гражданин (какого-л. государства)fellow nationals, one's own nationals — сограждане, соотечественники
See:specially designated national, Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States, resident 2. 2)
* * *
1) национальный, относящийся к данному государству, народу; 2) внутренний, в отличие от международного. -
5 national
1. n гражданин, подданный2. n амер. националnatives of territories are nationals but not citizens of the USA — уроженцы территорий являются националами, но не гражданами США
3. n амер. спорт. турнир, состязание в масштабе всей страныnational identity — национальная самобытность, лицо страны
national emblem — герб страны, государственный герб
4. a национальный, государственный; народный, всенародныйnational forest — государственный лес; лесной заповедник
national roads — государственные дороги, автострады
national salute — салют государственному флагу; салют наций
national figure — человек, которого знает вся страна; видный деятель
national defence — оборона страны, национальная оборона
national defence information — сведения, составляющие государственную военную тайну
5. a амер. федеральный, относящийся к ведению центрального правительстваnational self-determination — национальное самоопределение, самоопределение народов
national department — федеральное ведомство, министерство
6. a редк. националистический7. a амер. ист. союзный, северныйСинонимический ряд:1. civil (adj.) civic; civil; federal; government; governmental; political; public; royal; societal; sovereign; state2. domestic (adj.) domestic; home; internal; intestine; municipal; native3. nationwide (adj.) country-wide; general; inland; interstate; nationwide; sweeping; widespread4. citizen (noun) citizen; inhabitant; native; subjectАнтонимический ряд:foreigner; private -
6 national
ˈnæʃənl
1. прил.
1) народный, национальный, относящийся к какой-л. нации national feelings ≈ национальные чувства national self-determination ≈ национальное самоопределение national minority ≈ национальное меньшинство national convention ≈ амер. национальный партийный съезд
2) государственный national anthem ≈ государственный гимн national park амер. ≈ заповедник;
национальный парк national team спорт ≈ сборная страны, национальная сборная Syn: state, public
2. сущ.;
часто мн.
1) соотечественник Syn: compatriot, fellow countryman
2) подданный, гражданин( какого-л. государства) a Sri Lankan-born British national ≈ британский подданный, родившийся в Шри-Ланке enemy nationals ≈ подданные враждебного государства
3) ам. спортивные соревнования в масштабе всей страны гражданин, подданный (какого-л. государства) - French *s французские граждане - Belgian *s бельгийские подданные - enemy *s граждане враждебного государства - fellow *s, one's own *s сограждане, соотечественники (американизм) национал (в отличие от полноправного гражданина) - natives of territories are *s but not citizens of the USA уроженцы территорий являются националами, но не гражданами США( американизм) (спортивное) турнир, состязание в масштабе всей страны национальный, государственный;
народный, всенародный - * anthem государственный гимн - * spirit /genius/ дух народа - * theatre государственный театр - * economy народное хозяйство - * income (экономика) национальный доход - * debt (экономика) государственный долг - * forest государственный лес;
лесной заповедник - * elections всеобщие выборы - * calamity народное бедствие - * papers центральные газеты - * roads государственные дороги, автострады - * bank государственный банк;
(американизм) национальный банк (частный коммерческий банк) - * price level( экономика) уровень внутренних цен по стране - * law (юридическое) внутригосударственное /национальное/ право - * treatment( юридическое) национальный режим - * government центральное /национальное/ правительство (в отличие от властей штата, провинции) ;
коалиционное правительство - * committee( американизм) национальный комитет (центральный комитет партии) - * chairman( американизм) председатель национального комитета (партии) - * convention( американизм) национальный (партийный) съезд - * salute( военное) (морское) салют государственному флагу;
салют наций - * figure человек, которого знает вся страна;
видный деятель - * command национальные войска, войска государства;
войска государства, входящего в военный союз;
национальное командование - * emergency чрезвычайное положение в стране - * markings государственные опознавательные /отличительные/ знаки (самолета и т. п.) - * defence оборона страны, национальная оборона - * defence forces вооруженные силы( государства) - * defence information сведения, составляющие государственную военную тайну - * security национальная /государственная/ безопасность;
оборона государства, национальная оборона - * serviceman призванный по закону о воинской повинности (в Великобритании) - N. Association for the Advancement of Colored People Национальная ассоциация содействия прогрессу цветного населения (в США) (американизм) федеральный, относящийся к ведению ценрального правительства (а не к ведению властей отдельного штата) национальный, относящийся к нации, национальности;
относящийся к какому-л. народу - * minority национальное меньшинство - * self-determination национальное самоопределение, самоопределение народов - * feelings национальные чувства - * origin(s) национальное происхождение - * liberation movement национально-освободительное движение( редкое) националистический - to be * быть националистом (N.) (американизм) (историческое) союзный, северный (во время гражданской войны 1861- 65 г.г.) - N. troops армии Севера - N. and Confederate writers писатели Союза /Севера/ и Конфедерации /Юга/ > N. game (американизм) бейсбол national (часто pl) подданный (или гражданин) (какого-л.) государства;
enemy nationals подданные враждебного государства foreign ~ иностранный подданный national (часто pl) подданный (или гражданин) (какого-л.) государства;
enemy nationals подданные враждебного государства ~ государственный;
national anthem государственный гимн;
national bank государственный банк;
national park амер. заповедник;
национальный парк ~ государственный ~ гражданин, подданный ~ гражданин ~ гражданин представляемого государства ~ национальный, народный;
national assembly национальное собрание ~ национальный, государственный ~ национальный ~ отечество ~ подданный ~ (часто pl) соотечественник, согражданин ~ федеральный ~ федеральный (США) ~ economy народное хозяйство;
national minority национальное меньшинство;
national convention амер. национальный партийный съезд ~ enterprise государственное предприятие;
national forces вооруженные силы страны;
National Service воинская или трудовая повинность ~ enterprise государственное предприятие;
national forces вооруженные силы страны;
National Service воинская или трудовая повинность ~ government амер. центральное правительство;
national team спорт. сборная страны, национальная сборная ~ государственный;
national anthem государственный гимн;
national bank государственный банк;
national park амер. заповедник;
национальный парк park: national ~ национальный парк ~ enterprise государственное предприятие;
national forces вооруженные силы страны;
National Service воинская или трудовая повинность service: ~ служба (область работы и т. п.) ;
Civil Service государственная (гражданская) служба;
National Service воинская или трудовая повинность (в Англии) national ~ воинская служба ~ government амер. центральное правительство;
national team спорт. сборная страны, национальная сборнаяБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > national
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7 Article 62
1. A citizen of the Russian Federation may have the citizenship of a foreign State (dual citizenship) according to the federal law or an international agreement of the Russian Federation.2. The possession of a foreign citizenship by a citizen of the Russian Federation shall not derogate his rights and freedoms and shall not free him from the obligations stipulated by the Russian citizenship, unless otherwise provided for by federal law or an international agreement of the Russian Federation. 3. Foreign nationals and stateless persons shall enjoy in the Russian Federation the rights and bear the obligations of citizens of the Russian Federation, except for cases envisaged by the federal law or the international agreement of the Russian Federation. __________ <На русском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (Russian)"]Статья 62[/ref]> <На немецком языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (German)"]Artikel 62[/ref]> <На французском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (French)"]Article 62[/ref]>The Constitution of Russia. English-Russian dictionary > Article 62
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8 Article 63
1. The Russian Federation shall grant political asylum to foreign nationals and stateless persons according to the universally recognized norms of international law.2. In the Russian Federation it shall not be allowed to extradite to other States those people who are persecuted for political convictions, as well as for actions (or inaction) not recognized as a crime in the Russian Federation. The extradition of people accused of a crime, and also the handover of convicts for serving sentences in other States shall be carried out on the basis of the federal law or the international agreement of the Russian Federation. __________ <На русском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (Russian)"]Статья 63[/ref]> <На немецком языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (German)"]Artikel 63[/ref]> <На французском языке см. [ref dict="The Constitution of Russia (French)"]Article 63[/ref]>The Constitution of Russia. English-Russian dictionary > Article 63
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9 city
['sɪtɪ]nSee:I am allergic to big cities. — В больших городах я чувствую себя неуютно.
Outlying districts were annexed by the city. — Пригороды вошли в черту города.
The road runs between the two cities. — Эти два города соединены дорогой.
New suburbs sprang up all around the city. — Вокруг города возникли новые районы.
The city was destroyed by fire. — Город был уничтожен пожаром.
Cities are taken by ears. — Молва города берет.
- rapidly growing city- developing city
- free city
- great city
- overpopulated city
- densely populated city
- European city
- oriental city
- major cities
- industrial city
- capital city
- cathedral city
- fortress city
- sister cities
- townsman
- city life
- city folk
- city water supply
- city gas supply
- city utility service
- city government
- city builder
- city traffic
- city fathers
- city authorities
- city with a population of... people
- city of military glory
- attractions of a big city
- outskirts of the city
- offices buildings of the city
- bird's eye view of the city
- views of the city
- guests of the city
- places of interest
- green belt around the city
- favourite spots of city folk
- major of the city
- post-card with views of the city
- monuments of the city
- guide book to the city
- limits of the city
- slums of the city
- city planning
- outlay of the city
- centre of the city
- clatter of the busy city
- general sightseeing tour around the city
- in the city of Moscow
- within the city
- from one end of the city to the other
- from all parts of the city co
- all over the city
- east ward of the city
- wander around a city
- restore a city
- be city bred
- give running commentary during a city sightseeing trip
- live in a city
- do a city
- found a city
- lay out parks in the city
- plan out a city
- expand the boundaries of the city
- capture a city
- abandon the city to the enemy
- attack a city
- rebuild a city
- pay a visit to a city
- city lies is located on the riverUSAGE:(1.) Притом, что английское существительное в принципе утратило категорию рода, и неодушевленное существительное имеет обычно заместителем местоимение it, иногда проявляются рудименты утраченной родовой системы. Так, city имеет женский род: Нью-Йорк - красивый город, New-York - she is a beautiful city; города-побратимы - sister cities. (2.) Для образования названий жителей городов существует несколько словообразовательных моделей разной степени продуктивности. Наиболее продуктивен суффикс -er, прибавляющийся к названию города: London - Londoner, New-York - New-Yorker. Менее продуктивны суффиксы -ian: Paris - Parisian; -an: Rome - Roman; -ite: Moscow - Moscowite. От некоторых названий городов нельзя образовать названий жителей по модели: Liverpool - Liverpoollian, a Scouser (inform.); Manchester - Manchurian; Glasgow - Glaswegians. Всегда можно употребить словосочетание: a citizen of London, residents of Lisbon, city-dwellers и предложение She/he comes from Aberbin - она/он из Абердина. (3.) Citizen - имеет два значения: (1) горожанин и (2) гражданин. Во втором значении имеет синонимы subject и national. Citizen - полноправный житель страны - an American citizen; She is German by birth but is now a French citizen. Она родилась в Америке, но сейчас постоянно живет во Франции. Citizenship - гражданство, включает права и обязанности гражданина: He applied for American citizenship. Он подал заявление/прошение об американском гражданстве. She was granted British citizenship. Она получила британское гражданство. Subject - подданный - употребляется лишь в монархических государствах: a British subject. National - житель страны, но гражданин другого государства: Many Turkish nationals work in Germany. В Германии работает много граждан Турции. (4.) Сочетание a capital city и the capital of the country имеют разные значения. A capital city - большой город регионального значения: New-York (Rostov-on-Don, Barcelona) is a capital city. Столица государства - the capital: London is the capital of the UK. CULTURE NOTE: (1.) Некоторые города имеют традиционные названия: Eternal City - Вечный город - Рим; City in Seven Hills - Город на семи холмах - Рим; City of Dreaming Spires - Город дремлющих шпилей - Оксфорд; City of David - Град Давидов - Иерусалим и Вифлеем; City of Brotherly Love - (Am.) Город братской любви - Филадельфия; Empire City - Имперский город - Нью-Йорк; Big Apple City - Город большого яблока - Нью-Йорк; Fun City - город развлечений - Нью-Йорк; Federal City - Вашингтон; The Granite City - город Абердин (Шотландия); Holy City - Священный город - Иерусалим; Forbidden City - "Запретный город" - дворец китайского императора; Cities of the Plain - библ. Содом и Гоморра; Soul City - Гарлем; Windy City - Чикаго; Quaker City - город квакеров - Филадельфия; The City of God - Град Господень - небо, церковь; The Heavenly City - Новый Иерусалим; Celestial City - царствие небесное библ. Небесный град - Новый Иерусалим; Sea-born town - город, рожденный морем - Венеция. (2.) Разные территориальные части Лондона имеют разные названия. Они употребляются с определенным артиклем и пишутся с заглавной буквы: the West End - аристократический район города; the East End - рабочий район; the City - деловая часть Лондона; Soho - район иммигрантов в центре Лондона, известен своими ресторанами национальной кухни; The Docks - бывший район доков и верфей, теперь перестроен и имеет современный вид, место, где обычно селится Лондонская богема
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